Orthodontics

Recognise developing malocclusion and plan timely referral.

8 detailed notes·Clinical examples + recall

Topics

8 notes

Skeletal growth and dental age influence diagnosis and timing. Assess facial proportions, profile and eruption, not only tooth alignment.

Describe skeletal, dental and soft-tissue relationships, crowding, overjet, overbite and crossbite systematically.

The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need grades dental health and aesthetic components; local service criteria govern access to funded care.

Photographs, models or scans and selected radiographs support diagnosis. Justify each exposure and record the clinical question.

Early action may help a crossbite with displacement, ectopic eruption or developing space problem. Timing and referral are key.

Removable, fixed and functional appliances have different indications, limits and compliance demands. Explain maintenance and risks.

Teeth can move after active treatment. Explain retention type, duration, upkeep and the possibility of relapse before treatment.

Use clinical examination and appropriate imaging to localise, assess adjacent roots and agree a joint surgical-orthodontic plan.